Goto Statement
A goto statement
provides an unconditional jump from the goto to a labeled statement in the same
function.
NOTE: Use of goto statement is highly discouraged because it makes difficult to trace the control flow of a program, making the program hard to understand and hard to modify. Any program that uses a goto can be rewritten so that it doesn't need the goto.
Syntax:
The syntax of a
goto statement in C++ is:
goto label;
... .. ...
label:
statement;
Example program:
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()
{
int num = 1;
STEP:
do
{
if( num = = 5)
{
num = num + 1;
goto STEP;
}
cout <<
"value of num : " <<num<<”\n”;
num = num + 1;
}while( num <
10 );
}
Out put:
value of num : 1
value of num : 2
value of num : 3
value of num : 4
value of num : 6
value of num : 7
value of num : 8
value of num : 9
Break Statement
The break statement has the following two usages in C++:
1. When the break statement is encountered inside a loop, the loop is immediately terminated and program control resumes at the next statement following the loop.
2. It can be used to terminate a case in the switch statement.
Example program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i=0;
while(i<=10)
{
if(i==5)
break;
cout<<"\n"<<i;
i++;
}
getch();
}
Output:
0
1
2
3
4
If i= =5 the control get out of the while loop, hence program will print upto 4 only.
Continue
Statement
The continue statement forces the next iteration of the loop to take place, skipping remaining code in between.
In case of the while loop, continue statement will take control to the condition statement.
In case of the do..while loop, continue statement will take control to the condition statement specified in the while loop.
Example program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int i;
for(i=0;i<=10;i++)
{
if(i==5)
continue;
cout<<"\n"<<i;
}
getch();
}
Output:
0
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
10
If i= =5 , compiler stops the execution and controls goes to increment/decrement statement of the loop gets executed.
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